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Population serves as one of the fundamental elements to be considered in economic‚ social and cultural planning. As a result‚ an analysis of the Population on and recognition of its structure‚ dimensiuns and spatial diffusion are regarded as an important instrument in decision – making as well as planning.
Considering the environmental (geographic) variety and its impact on spatial diffusion of population‚ it is realized that the population in the south – west of the caspian sea and its geographical bed from coast to plateau and from plateau mountain to foot and mountains‚ extending from the east to the west in the same order as mentioned, is neither uniform nor homogeneous in a way that the population of the eastern region is more intense than that of the western region.
In this article‚ the writer‚ having used the attitudes‚ experiences‚ statistics and information has made an attempt to investigate spatial patterns of the life of populations in the south – west of the Caspian sea.
This area‚ according to latest provincial segmentation of the country in 1377 constitutes 26.1 percent of the population and 14.53 percent of the surface of Gilan.
In this article‚ such as the features of the case being studied‚ urban or rural residence‚ decampment‚ and issues the spatial distribution have been studied. At the end‚ having calculated the population growth rate‚ at the present time‚ and the prediction of the population growth in 1400 (A.tl.), a number of conclusions have also been extracted.

Keywords: Life pattern‚ Population‚ Spatial distribution‚ South – west, Caspian sea.