The Study of Kalat ,s Water Resource With an Emphasis on the Problem of Providing Rural Water

Abstract
From 165 millions cubic meters of Water which is used in Kalat region, 60 millions cubic meters is surface water and 105 millions cubic meters is underground water. Most of water needed in this region, is provided by the rivers. There is not any problem for Providing water in agricultural section, drinking water and hygiene sections in the region. The most important problem in the region is the exploitation method of water resource. Villagers in the area use river water by using several traditional canals and levees. This systems are not lasting and are destroyed by floods, and again must be rebuild. In this region water is distributed among the farmers based on water share in an hour, and whenever, water share is not enough, problems arise among the farmers in some rural settlement of the region, Providing drinking and hygienic water, causes some problems for the villagers. In order to investigate the effective factors in providing water for rural settlement, we have used Fishers test, considering two factors; being far from the official center and altitude of settlements from water resources. The results show that, there is no significant relation, between them. Real Problems are cost shortages and lack of proper water management.

Keywords: Kalat, Rivers, Deep and half-deep wells, Quanat, Rural settlements.