GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17248FAJournal Article19700101Space in agricaltural geography is very importat due to is relation to agricalture and therefor spatial alysis is the core of research of agricaltural geography.
In this article, the role and importance of spatial analysis in agricaltural geograply would be reviewed. Looking of agricalural geograply to space, meaning of agricaltural space, basic questions in a spatial analysis, relationship between spatial analysis and agricaltural geograply, systematic view, the ways of spatial analysis, and its importance in agricaltural geograply would be discussed. At the end for the Purpose of planning in agricultural and rural and regional development, the application of Spatial analysis will be introduced.Space in agricaltural geography is very importat due to is relation to agricalture and therefor spatial alysis is the core of research of agricaltural geography.
In this article, the role and importance of spatial analysis in agricaltural geograply would be reviewed. Looking of agricalural geograply to space, meaning of agricaltural space, basic questions in a spatial analysis, relationship between spatial analysis and agricaltural geograply, systematic view, the ways of spatial analysis, and its importance in agricaltural geograply would be discussed. At the end for the Purpose of planning in agricultural and rural and regional development, the application of Spatial analysis will be introduced.https://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17248_37d5eb336e72158aa480e0ad7c8cb273.pdfGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17249FAJournal Article19700101The break up of the soviet union opened a whole new chapter the history of international relation and thoroughly transformed myriad dimensions in the international arena.
The system of power distribution was reshuffled, regional arrang ments were reconsidered, The number of state actirs in international quarters in creased and econmic equation s came to the fore in relaitions aming nations. Being neighbor of the former soviet megastate, Iran was confronted with a totally new situation and as such recasted its foreign policy considerations, New and smallver states muchroomed to the north and transformed Iran s concept of bilateral relations with these countris.The break up of the soviet union opened a whole new chapter the history of international relation and thoroughly transformed myriad dimensions in the international arena.
The system of power distribution was reshuffled, regional arrang ments were reconsidered, The number of state actirs in international quarters in creased and econmic equation s came to the fore in relaitions aming nations. Being neighbor of the former soviet megastate, Iran was confronted with a totally new situation and as such recasted its foreign policy considerations, New and smallver states muchroomed to the north and transformed Iran s concept of bilateral relations with these countris.https://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17249_4e87bc2e0f7ac23b675899082ff2c9c0.pdfGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17250FAJournal Article19700101Recreation Planning is a process that relates the leisure time of people to space. In practice, recreation planning is an art and a science that uses the blend of the knowledge and techniques of Landscape Architecture, Principles of Landscape Ecology and the Social Sciences to develop alternatives for using leisure time, space, energy and money to accommodate human needs.
The maine goal of this planning is to create the best permanent balance among the limited recreational resources and the human recreational demands in the long term. For this, it is needed to know the actual and potential resources and recreational demands of users accurately, properly and adequately to prepare a physical planning for tourism.
Determining the human-environmental potential, and physical planning due to the developing tourism at the national and international levels in international standards is needed, and also its positive effects, can be useful for developing the jobbing, space and facilities, exporting and etc.
At least, by cultural relation among the local people and tourists, the conversation-development system and cost-benefit relation for optimal using of human-environmental potential can appearRecreation Planning is a process that relates the leisure time of people to space. In practice, recreation planning is an art and a science that uses the blend of the knowledge and techniques of Landscape Architecture, Principles of Landscape Ecology and the Social Sciences to develop alternatives for using leisure time, space, energy and money to accommodate human needs.
The maine goal of this planning is to create the best permanent balance among the limited recreational resources and the human recreational demands in the long term. For this, it is needed to know the actual and potential resources and recreational demands of users accurately, properly and adequately to prepare a physical planning for tourism.
Determining the human-environmental potential, and physical planning due to the developing tourism at the national and international levels in international standards is needed, and also its positive effects, can be useful for developing the jobbing, space and facilities, exporting and etc.
At least, by cultural relation among the local people and tourists, the conversation-development system and cost-benefit relation for optimal using of human-environmental potential can appearhttps://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17250_3a80e57e61d154df428dc0ca7f9e4528.pdfGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17251FAJournal Article19700101The word ‘Monsoon’ is derived from the Arabic ‘mausim’ terrain for season. Monsoons are like an intense sea breaze and blow for approximately six months from the northeast and six months from the southwest, especially in southern Asia and parts of Africa. Summer monsoons have a dominant westerly component and a strong tendency to converge, rise, and produce rain. Winter monsoons have a dominant easterly component and a strong tendency to diverge, subside, and cause drought. Both are the result of differences in annual temperature trends over land and sea.
The Iran is Located in Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea. The Iran have a terrain rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with deserts, mountains; small, discontinuous plains along both coasts.
The study of rainfalls data of the several Irannian cities on June to Sep. during 1960 through 1990 show that, because of the Kuhhayes Bashakerd , Kuhha Jebal Barez and Hamun Jazmurian in southeast of Iran, that region have monsoonal climate. Even, If the indian monsoon is strong that will especially affect in southern Dashte Lut and parts of Dashte Kavir. Therefore, the Iran climate is mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast and monsoonic in the southeast.The word ‘Monsoon’ is derived from the Arabic ‘mausim’ terrain for season. Monsoons are like an intense sea breaze and blow for approximately six months from the northeast and six months from the southwest, especially in southern Asia and parts of Africa. Summer monsoons have a dominant westerly component and a strong tendency to converge, rise, and produce rain. Winter monsoons have a dominant easterly component and a strong tendency to diverge, subside, and cause drought. Both are the result of differences in annual temperature trends over land and sea.
The Iran is Located in Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea. The Iran have a terrain rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with deserts, mountains; small, discontinuous plains along both coasts.
The study of rainfalls data of the several Irannian cities on June to Sep. during 1960 through 1990 show that, because of the Kuhhayes Bashakerd , Kuhha Jebal Barez and Hamun Jazmurian in southeast of Iran, that region have monsoonal climate. Even, If the indian monsoon is strong that will especially affect in southern Dashte Lut and parts of Dashte Kavir. Therefore, the Iran climate is mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast and monsoonic in the southeast.https://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17251_18096b74d49d2d83bebca4e9ad87b02e.pdfGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17252FAJournal Article19700101This paper is concerned academically with theoretically scientific contexts of human development indices that are available in our current geography. Addisionally, it would be also an empirical study to analyze the status of Iran’s provinces in new pointing of development and human welfare’s variation. A general discussion concerning the regional - nationd measures are prepared and rural aspects are accordingly emphasized at the whole paper. Firstly, at the study of our state’s ecenomic system’s subdivizions, there would be including of topics such as economic development welfare, physical quality of life index, and gross national pooduct. Secondly, Iran’s social system has been considered the followings provincially: demographie age-sex ratios, adult literacy rates and health and its selated issues (total mortalities, lite expectancy at births, infant mortality rates, and physicians for numbers of persons). Thirdly, in view pointing of political system’s study. numbers of radios per 1000 inhabitants are examined provincially. It is hoped that our rural areas be fulfilled by human welfare considerationsThis paper is concerned academically with theoretically scientific contexts of human development indices that are available in our current geography. Addisionally, it would be also an empirical study to analyze the status of Iran’s provinces in new pointing of development and human welfare’s variation. A general discussion concerning the regional - nationd measures are prepared and rural aspects are accordingly emphasized at the whole paper. Firstly, at the study of our state’s ecenomic system’s subdivizions, there would be including of topics such as economic development welfare, physical quality of life index, and gross national pooduct. Secondly, Iran’s social system has been considered the followings provincially: demographie age-sex ratios, adult literacy rates and health and its selated issues (total mortalities, lite expectancy at births, infant mortality rates, and physicians for numbers of persons). Thirdly, in view pointing of political system’s study. numbers of radios per 1000 inhabitants are examined provincially. It is hoped that our rural areas be fulfilled by human welfare considerationshttps://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17252_71864a4f99e5858764a789d9a20614e7.pdfGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17253FAJournal Article19700101This article is evaluating the contents and operations of rural development programs in IRAN during the past recent decades (1948-99). The applied research method is based on using a matrix of a fundamental evaluation; Accordingly. the plans are rating with eight criteria. Therefor, the results indicate the disadvantage of contents and operations of those plans; And for these reasons the results of that fundamental evaluation would be found of fairly weak up to moderate. This situation would be noted as the consequences of insufficiency in available planning system.
There is also a Processing trend of our country’s rural development which does involve a binary status. Thus, the rural regions’ servicing and social-welfaning have been grown up very well. Conversely, the economical-social indicia have had faced with retardness. This binary status is showing the problems that are existed in our comprehensive programs of development.This article is evaluating the contents and operations of rural development programs in IRAN during the past recent decades (1948-99). The applied research method is based on using a matrix of a fundamental evaluation; Accordingly. the plans are rating with eight criteria. Therefor, the results indicate the disadvantage of contents and operations of those plans; And for these reasons the results of that fundamental evaluation would be found of fairly weak up to moderate. This situation would be noted as the consequences of insufficiency in available planning system.
There is also a Processing trend of our country’s rural development which does involve a binary status. Thus, the rural regions’ servicing and social-welfaning have been grown up very well. Conversely, the economical-social indicia have had faced with retardness. This binary status is showing the problems that are existed in our comprehensive programs of development.https://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17253_cd91a5825221bf61ffe88fff018957d3.pdfGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17254FAJournal Article19700101The main aim of this research was to undertake a geographical analysis for investigating of unsuitable affects of deserted villages on the economical, social and envirionmental aspects of Iran in general and in the margin of Dasht-e-kawir on the south of Garmsar Shahrestan in particular, and suggesting a few aspects to solve the rural area problems for prevention of migration, and desertion in some of villages. In the margin of Dasht-e-Kawir (South of Garmsar Shahrestan) has been deserted about 65 villages scince 1345. A large number of people have been attracted to the cities. The high rate of migration have caused the reduction of rural population in the whole of area and desertion in some of the villages. Of course this situation has occured mostly in these villages, where severity of condion affected agricultrual activities. According to the study that has been made in 1378, agricultural activities is the main source of income in the area. Although there are other sources of income for the people, e.g, carpet weaving, govenment financial assistane, factory or building work and social services etc, hut the amounts involved are not considerable. Therefor where the severity of condition affected aggricultural activities, at the result has occurred migration, and desertion of villages. The condition itself has helped to expansion of the desert. In fact the best protection aginst desert expansion is provided by the marginal residents of the desert, if they have been properly educated to use vegetation economically as grazing for other purposes. As has been discussed in the fainal report, the rural area in the margin of Dasht-e-Kawir displays interwoven series of environmental, social economical and technical problems. The solution for these problems in the short term poses there are difficalties and in some cases these problems apear insolveable. Also the problems can not be reduced by solving one or two aspects alone. Thus there muts he interworen aggregate of solutions to the problems. On the other hand, the density of problems in the margin of Desht-e-Kawir change from area to area even from village to village. Therefor, it is not logical to give some prescriptions for these problems. The best way to solve the problems is to investigate the difficulties in each area, even in each village. This is possible by using the opinions of specialists who have made direct observations and completed the field researeh. Any project in short or long term should he choosen according to the needs of the villages in the area. However, with regard to organization of agricaltural development and social welfare, services, the following aspects are suggested: 1- Contorol of desert expasion 2- Water supply 3- Land utilization 4- Establishment and development of rural cooperation 5- The development of craft industries 6- Communications 7- Village councils 8- Social welfare servicesThe main aim of this research was to undertake a geographical analysis for investigating of unsuitable affects of deserted villages on the economical, social and envirionmental aspects of Iran in general and in the margin of Dasht-e-kawir on the south of Garmsar Shahrestan in particular, and suggesting a few aspects to solve the rural area problems for prevention of migration, and desertion in some of villages. In the margin of Dasht-e-Kawir (South of Garmsar Shahrestan) has been deserted about 65 villages scince 1345. A large number of people have been attracted to the cities. The high rate of migration have caused the reduction of rural population in the whole of area and desertion in some of the villages. Of course this situation has occured mostly in these villages, where severity of condion affected agricultrual activities. According to the study that has been made in 1378, agricultural activities is the main source of income in the area. Although there are other sources of income for the people, e.g, carpet weaving, govenment financial assistane, factory or building work and social services etc, hut the amounts involved are not considerable. Therefor where the severity of condition affected aggricultural activities, at the result has occurred migration, and desertion of villages. The condition itself has helped to expansion of the desert. In fact the best protection aginst desert expansion is provided by the marginal residents of the desert, if they have been properly educated to use vegetation economically as grazing for other purposes. As has been discussed in the fainal report, the rural area in the margin of Dasht-e-Kawir displays interwoven series of environmental, social economical and technical problems. The solution for these problems in the short term poses there are difficalties and in some cases these problems apear insolveable. Also the problems can not be reduced by solving one or two aspects alone. Thus there muts he interworen aggregate of solutions to the problems. On the other hand, the density of problems in the margin of Desht-e-Kawir change from area to area even from village to village. Therefor, it is not logical to give some prescriptions for these problems. The best way to solve the problems is to investigate the difficulties in each area, even in each village. This is possible by using the opinions of specialists who have made direct observations and completed the field researeh. Any project in short or long term should he choosen according to the needs of the villages in the area. However, with regard to organization of agricaltural development and social welfare, services, the following aspects are suggested: 1- Contorol of desert expasion 2- Water supply 3- Land utilization 4- Establishment and development of rural cooperation 5- The development of craft industries 6- Communications 7- Village councils 8- Social welfare serviceshttps://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17254_b4138ce5b405e0f930f1e867fed3b8e4.pdfGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17255FAJournal Article19700101Ecological catastrophe & residence of people of Slemder means in the old textures are of these textures problems. Great tiredness due to toiling & lack of proper Finicial backing in coopration of quarter affairs Culminated in divesting of paying heed to the quarter affairs, Sanitation of enviroment and, also its development from the time. Surveying & recognizing the economic basis of old texture residents of Shahr-e-Rey in the chaos of mentioned district is the aim of thus research. This research employs field me thods, Specially measuring according to dis covering & analytic method.Ecological catastrophe & residence of people of Slemder means in the old textures are of these textures problems. Great tiredness due to toiling & lack of proper Finicial backing in coopration of quarter affairs Culminated in divesting of paying heed to the quarter affairs, Sanitation of enviroment and, also its development from the time. Surveying & recognizing the economic basis of old texture residents of Shahr-e-Rey in the chaos of mentioned district is the aim of thus research. This research employs field me thods, Specially measuring according to dis covering & analytic method.https://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17255_d3994a27b9007b96b8373c9acbe19c69.pdfGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17256FAJournal Article19700101Potential Evapotranspiration is one of important hydrological cycle elements that is Considered in water resources, Irrigation water constructions and agricultural problemp.
Amount of air temperature range and its annual regine assessment is very important in arid regions. Since Precipitation is low in this area, Temperature and its variation affect directly on evapotranspirational Phenomena and water requirement in different months and Sease.
This research has used meteoeological data stations (Ghasr-Ghand, Pirsohrab, Kajdar Sarbaz, Pishin, Kahir, Tis and Bahouklat). Then for determing the best method has been done Comparasion by diagrametic analysis. Based on estimations have been gained the following results: The Southern Balouchestan area regarding ‘existence Water and temperature” it is Possible Farming activities all year. In This regard two Potential evapotranspiration methods such as Bleny-criddle and thornth-waite has been Calwlated Whole year. Thornth-wait method does not represent correct results for season but Bleny-criddle has a good correlation to Pan. Also it is decreased the amount of evaporation from west and north toward west and south. The amount of potential evapotranspiration is higher than, precipitation all the year.Potential Evapotranspiration is one of important hydrological cycle elements that is Considered in water resources, Irrigation water constructions and agricultural problemp.
Amount of air temperature range and its annual regine assessment is very important in arid regions. Since Precipitation is low in this area, Temperature and its variation affect directly on evapotranspirational Phenomena and water requirement in different months and Sease.
This research has used meteoeological data stations (Ghasr-Ghand, Pirsohrab, Kajdar Sarbaz, Pishin, Kahir, Tis and Bahouklat). Then for determing the best method has been done Comparasion by diagrametic analysis. Based on estimations have been gained the following results: The Southern Balouchestan area regarding ‘existence Water and temperature” it is Possible Farming activities all year. In This regard two Potential evapotranspiration methods such as Bleny-criddle and thornth-waite has been Calwlated Whole year. Thornth-wait method does not represent correct results for season but Bleny-criddle has a good correlation to Pan. Also it is decreased the amount of evaporation from west and north toward west and south. The amount of potential evapotranspiration is higher than, precipitation all the year.https://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17256_c9cfb39d8d13154eb404bbe07fdcd2cf.pdfGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17257FAJournal Article19700101https://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17257_ab2452d62b4361ad637625d2aa3c9b21.pdfGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17258FAJournal Article19700101This research was done about geographical elections Parlemantay subject in Iran, The result is that a strong transformation is forming in the diverant margin Provinces. These proviences always were called as a territorial divergent in Political geography study of Iran, during recent years they have Showed much eagers participate into national decisious that indicates more effectiveness republic role improving of national identification than former local identification Kurdistan Provience geographical electious studies shows (it was regional divergent into past). During the first to fifth period of Parlement: Firstly, amount of Participitants elections have inreased more than Previous Period, this growth can be senn in all elective realms.
Secondly People have been under influence of internal Political flows of country Particulary Rohaniat and Rohanion wings in each Period of elections.
This Paper has discaussed the Political movenewt trends based on parlemanty elections with geographical view in Kurdistan Provience. Therefore consideration of two above mentioned cases and its results gives regional convergence to the Central government through progressing participate in parlemantary decissions.This research was done about geographical elections Parlemantay subject in Iran, The result is that a strong transformation is forming in the diverant margin Provinces. These proviences always were called as a territorial divergent in Political geography study of Iran, during recent years they have Showed much eagers participate into national decisious that indicates more effectiveness republic role improving of national identification than former local identification Kurdistan Provience geographical electious studies shows (it was regional divergent into past). During the first to fifth period of Parlement: Firstly, amount of Participitants elections have inreased more than Previous Period, this growth can be senn in all elective realms.
Secondly People have been under influence of internal Political flows of country Particulary Rohaniat and Rohanion wings in each Period of elections.
This Paper has discaussed the Political movenewt trends based on parlemanty elections with geographical view in Kurdistan Provience. Therefore consideration of two above mentioned cases and its results gives regional convergence to the Central government through progressing participate in parlemantary decissions.https://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17258_c796a897a763bd9c7d58cbf02d1140a5.pdfGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY1026-683639020010219--17259FAJournal Article19700101Earth biosphere on its bio-forming is greatly dependant on soil, which itself is the product of interaction between atmospheric and climatic features on one hand, and the earth crust or bedrock on the other hand. Soil is very important natural phenomena and an essential element for human in fulfillment of bio requirements.
In forming such an important element of life, apart of other reasons, the most important rule is due to climate and the bedrock material. Such two factors alongside with time and by the help of other factors such as soil organisms and soil topography would form soil and provides this important life tool the human.
In this article, the soil characteristics and its structures is described and in this regard, familiarization with its physical and chemical texture would help us on understanding and realization of proper means of erosion prevention. Also, familiarization with the effect of current streams would be of great help in conserving it. To fulfill this matter, all relevant constitutes are considered and their systematic relationship are studied within the soil nature. Then, the responsible factors in soil diversity are discussed and then their rules on different soil-forming mechanisms, which are a very important matter, are presented.Earth biosphere on its bio-forming is greatly dependant on soil, which itself is the product of interaction between atmospheric and climatic features on one hand, and the earth crust or bedrock on the other hand. Soil is very important natural phenomena and an essential element for human in fulfillment of bio requirements.
In forming such an important element of life, apart of other reasons, the most important rule is due to climate and the bedrock material. Such two factors alongside with time and by the help of other factors such as soil organisms and soil topography would form soil and provides this important life tool the human.
In this article, the soil characteristics and its structures is described and in this regard, familiarization with its physical and chemical texture would help us on understanding and realization of proper means of erosion prevention. Also, familiarization with the effect of current streams would be of great help in conserving it. To fulfill this matter, all relevant constitutes are considered and their systematic relationship are studied within the soil nature. Then, the responsible factors in soil diversity are discussed and then their rules on different soil-forming mechanisms, which are a very important matter, are presented.https://jrg.ut.ac.ir/article_17259_7fb9ad03c6274f1b7a275a7af42ecc8a.pdf